Hottest nations: Which countries will experience most heat in 2°C warmer world?

A recent report examined the implications of climate goals on air conditioning usage, comparing a world with 2°C warming to one with a more ambitious target of 1.5°C. The findings reveal uneven impacts across countries.

Results indicate widespread suffering. Countries in the Global South are among the hardest hit in absolute terms, lacking the necessary infrastructure to cope with increased cooling demands. 

Equatorial African countries, such as the Central African Republic, face significant challenges, with up to 266 additional cooling-degree days per year. 

In terms of relative change, eight of the top 10 affected countries are in Europe, including the UK and Switzerland, both experiencing a 30% increase in cooling degree days. Canada, New Zealand, and parts of the Andes in South America also face substantial relative changes.

The impacts vary due to factors like the reliability of the electric grid, rural-urban divides, and citizens' ability to acquire air conditioning equipment. 

Consequently, policy responses will differ among affected countries. Nevertheless, the overarching message is clear: decarbonisation efforts will be further complicated. Manufacturing and operating air conditioning systems require substantial energy, intensifying energy demands when reducing consumption is crucial for accelerating the transition to renewable sources.

Ultimately, climate change disproportionately affects vulnerable populations with limited resources and little responsibility for global emissions. This recurring lesson underscores the urgent need for equitable and sustainable solutions.